What is it about?
In the previous chapter, you learnt about what happens during fertilization as well as the different structures and process involved in order for pregnancy to occur. However, pregnancy is not always a desired outcome from sexual intercourse. This chapter will touch on how science allows us to tackle two undesirable outcomes : pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.
Definitions
Birth control allows a couple to decide the number of children and the interval between each pregnancy in the family. In short, it allows for family planning. This is done by obstructing the fertilization process through the use of natural or artificial methods (contraception).
Temporary Birth Control
Birth control can be temporary or permanent. This depends hugely on the nature of the contraception used. All contraception should be effective, affordableand risk-free. Temporary birth control methods can be classified into three groups: behavioural, barrier or chemical.
Permanent Birth Control
On the other hand, birth control can be permanent. This is achieved through sterilization, a simple operation. The process is difficult, if not impossible, to reverse due to its surgical nature. Sterilization in males is a vasectomy whereas sterilization in females is tubal ligation.
Introduction
Abortion is the termination of pregnancy at any stage by removal of embryo or foetus from the uterus. Abortion could result in infertility due to uterus damage and fatality due to excessive blood loss.
Introduction (continued)
Sexually transmitted infections are infectious diseases passed from one person to another through sexual contact. These infectious diseases are caused by bacteria or viruses. Here are some examples of STIs.
Prevention
Contraction of sexually transmitted infections can be prevented. The following are just some of the ways of doing so: 1) Faithful to one sex partner 2) Practice protected or safe sex 3) Refrain from drug abuse 4) Do not share personal instruments (eg. needles, toothbrushes, etc.) 5) Abstinence
